{"id":1348,"date":"2025-07-07T13:32:09","date_gmt":"2025-07-07T17:32:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/?post_type=fiche&#038;p=1348"},"modified":"2025-07-07T14:55:46","modified_gmt":"2025-07-07T18:55:46","slug":"elementary-and-secondary-education","status":"publish","type":"fiche","link":"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/en\/thematic-fact-sheets\/elementary-and-secondary-education\/","title":{"rendered":"Elementary and secondary education"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n\r\n<section class=\"container-eklo has-background has-white-background-color\">\r\n    <div class=\"deco-circle custom-spacing\">\r\n        <svg width=\"233\" height=\"384\" viewBox=\"0 0 233 384\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\r\n            <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_59_24)\">\r\n                <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M371 105.931C400.271 105.931 424 82.2176 424 52.9655C424 23.7135 400.271 0 371 0C341.729 0 318 23.7135 318 52.9655C318 82.2176 341.729 105.931 371 105.931ZM278.25 59.5862C278.25 85.1818 257.487 105.931 231.875 105.931C206.263 105.931 185.5 85.1818 185.5 59.5862C185.5 33.9907 206.263 13.2414 231.875 13.2414C257.487 13.2414 278.25 33.9907 278.25 59.5862ZM112.625 92.6906C130.919 92.6906 145.75 77.8696 145.75 59.5871C145.75 41.3046 130.919 26.4837 112.625 26.4837C94.3306 26.4837 79.5 41.3046 79.5 59.5871C79.5 77.8696 94.3306 92.6906 112.625 92.6906ZM19.875 79.4478C30.8517 79.4478 39.75 70.5552 39.75 59.5857C39.75 48.6162 30.8517 39.7236 19.875 39.7236C8.89834 39.7236 0 48.6162 0 59.5857C0 70.5552 8.89834 79.4478 19.875 79.4478ZM39.75 192C39.75 202.97 30.8517 211.862 19.875 211.862C8.89834 211.862 0 202.97 0 192C0 181.03 8.89834 172.138 19.875 172.138C30.8517 172.138 39.75 181.03 39.75 192ZM112.625 225.103C130.919 225.103 145.75 210.283 145.75 192C145.75 173.717 130.919 158.897 112.625 158.897C94.3306 158.897 79.5 173.717 79.5 192C79.5 210.283 94.3306 225.103 112.625 225.103ZM278.25 191.999C278.25 217.595 257.487 238.344 231.875 238.344C206.263 238.344 185.5 217.595 185.5 191.999C185.5 166.404 206.263 145.655 231.875 145.655C257.487 145.655 278.25 166.404 278.25 191.999ZM371 238.346C400.271 238.346 424 214.632 424 185.38C424 156.128 400.271 132.415 371 132.415C341.729 132.415 318 156.128 318 185.38C318 214.632 341.729 238.346 371 238.346ZM39.75 337.655C39.75 348.625 30.8517 357.517 19.875 357.517C8.89834 357.517 0 348.625 0 337.655C0 326.686 8.89834 317.793 19.875 317.793C30.8517 317.793 39.75 326.686 39.75 337.655ZM112.625 370.758C130.919 370.758 145.75 355.937 145.75 337.654C145.75 319.372 130.919 304.551 112.625 304.551C94.3306 304.551 79.5 319.372 79.5 337.654C79.5 355.937 94.3306 370.758 112.625 370.758ZM278.25 337.656C278.25 363.251 257.487 384.001 231.875 384.001C206.263 384.001 185.5 363.251 185.5 337.656C185.5 312.06 206.263 291.311 231.875 291.311C257.487 291.311 278.25 312.06 278.25 337.656ZM371 384C400.271 384 424 360.287 424 331.034C424 301.782 400.271 278.069 371 278.069C341.729 278.069 318 301.782 318 331.034C318 360.287 341.729 384 371 384Z\" fill=\"#008FFF\"\/>\r\n            <\/g>\r\n            <defs>\r\n                <clipPath id=\"clip0_59_24\">\r\n                    <rect width=\"233\" height=\"384\" fill=\"white\"\/>\r\n                <\/clipPath>\r\n            <\/defs>\r\n        <\/svg>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"container\">\r\n        <!--\r\n       <div class=\"contrainer-title\">\r\n           <h2><\/h2>\r\n       <\/div>\r\n       -->        <div class=\"container-eklo-content\">\r\n            <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is an accessible practice in education?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A good accessible practice in the education sector can be approached from different angles. Inclusive education, as defined below, describes the philosophy or paradigm that supports and guides pedagogical practices to make them accessible and effective for all. Differentiated instruction is a set of practices designed to ensure the success or improvement of everyone\u2019s learning, taking into account the diversity of learners in a group. The Universal Design for Learning (UDL) identifies organizational and structural strategies that enable students to fully participate in their learning and academic success.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The practice of education accessibility is based on a moral and professional commitment to the student and their ecosystem. It aims to ensure barrier-free access to learning, activities and locations. These practices take into account the diversity as well as the difficulties and functional limitations of the individuals concerned.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"border-container\"><\/div>\r\n<\/section>\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n\r\n<section class=\"container-eklo has-background has-white-background-color\">\r\n    <div class=\"deco-circle custom-spacing\">\r\n        <svg width=\"233\" height=\"384\" viewBox=\"0 0 233 384\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\r\n            <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_59_24)\">\r\n                <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M371 105.931C400.271 105.931 424 82.2176 424 52.9655C424 23.7135 400.271 0 371 0C341.729 0 318 23.7135 318 52.9655C318 82.2176 341.729 105.931 371 105.931ZM278.25 59.5862C278.25 85.1818 257.487 105.931 231.875 105.931C206.263 105.931 185.5 85.1818 185.5 59.5862C185.5 33.9907 206.263 13.2414 231.875 13.2414C257.487 13.2414 278.25 33.9907 278.25 59.5862ZM112.625 92.6906C130.919 92.6906 145.75 77.8696 145.75 59.5871C145.75 41.3046 130.919 26.4837 112.625 26.4837C94.3306 26.4837 79.5 41.3046 79.5 59.5871C79.5 77.8696 94.3306 92.6906 112.625 92.6906ZM19.875 79.4478C30.8517 79.4478 39.75 70.5552 39.75 59.5857C39.75 48.6162 30.8517 39.7236 19.875 39.7236C8.89834 39.7236 0 48.6162 0 59.5857C0 70.5552 8.89834 79.4478 19.875 79.4478ZM39.75 192C39.75 202.97 30.8517 211.862 19.875 211.862C8.89834 211.862 0 202.97 0 192C0 181.03 8.89834 172.138 19.875 172.138C30.8517 172.138 39.75 181.03 39.75 192ZM112.625 225.103C130.919 225.103 145.75 210.283 145.75 192C145.75 173.717 130.919 158.897 112.625 158.897C94.3306 158.897 79.5 173.717 79.5 192C79.5 210.283 94.3306 225.103 112.625 225.103ZM278.25 191.999C278.25 217.595 257.487 238.344 231.875 238.344C206.263 238.344 185.5 217.595 185.5 191.999C185.5 166.404 206.263 145.655 231.875 145.655C257.487 145.655 278.25 166.404 278.25 191.999ZM371 238.346C400.271 238.346 424 214.632 424 185.38C424 156.128 400.271 132.415 371 132.415C341.729 132.415 318 156.128 318 185.38C318 214.632 341.729 238.346 371 238.346ZM39.75 337.655C39.75 348.625 30.8517 357.517 19.875 357.517C8.89834 357.517 0 348.625 0 337.655C0 326.686 8.89834 317.793 19.875 317.793C30.8517 317.793 39.75 326.686 39.75 337.655ZM112.625 370.758C130.919 370.758 145.75 355.937 145.75 337.654C145.75 319.372 130.919 304.551 112.625 304.551C94.3306 304.551 79.5 319.372 79.5 337.654C79.5 355.937 94.3306 370.758 112.625 370.758ZM278.25 337.656C278.25 363.251 257.487 384.001 231.875 384.001C206.263 384.001 185.5 363.251 185.5 337.656C185.5 312.06 206.263 291.311 231.875 291.311C257.487 291.311 278.25 312.06 278.25 337.656ZM371 384C400.271 384 424 360.287 424 331.034C424 301.782 400.271 278.069 371 278.069C341.729 278.069 318 301.782 318 331.034C318 360.287 341.729 384 371 384Z\" fill=\"#008FFF\"\/>\r\n            <\/g>\r\n            <defs>\r\n                <clipPath id=\"clip0_59_24\">\r\n                    <rect width=\"233\" height=\"384\" fill=\"white\"\/>\r\n                <\/clipPath>\r\n            <\/defs>\r\n        <\/svg>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"container\">\r\n        <!--\r\n       <div class=\"contrainer-title\">\r\n           <h2><\/h2>\r\n       <\/div>\r\n       -->        <div class=\"container-eklo-content\">\r\n            <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Overview of the situation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The education of students with disabilities presents significant challenges, but has also seen significant progress. In many countries, efforts have been made to integrate these students into mainstream schools, thus promoting inclusion and equal opportunity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Advances include:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Legislation and policies:<\/strong> Many countries have adopted laws guaranteeing the right to education for students with disabilities, and providing them with support and guidance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Inclusion programs:<\/strong> Specific programs aimed at integrating these students into mainstream classrooms, with the help of specialized teachers and school life assistants.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Awareness:<\/strong> Increased awareness of disability in schools helps reduce stereotypes and foster acceptance of differences.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Challenges include:<\/h3>\n\n\n\r\n<ul class=\"list-advance\">\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                            <h3 class=\"list-title\">\r\n                    Limited resources:                <\/h3>\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>Many institutions lack the resources needed to meet the specific needs of students with disabilities, including teacher training and adapted equipment.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                            <h3 class=\"list-title\">\r\n                    Teacher training:                <\/h3>\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>Not all teachers are trained to manage the diversity of disabilities, which can lead to inequalities in student support.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                            <h3 class=\"list-title\">\r\n                    Stigma and isolation:                <\/h3>\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>Despite inclusion efforts, some students may still feel stigmatized or find themselves isolated in the classroom.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                            <h3 class=\"list-title\">\r\n                    Accessibility:                <\/h3>\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>Physical accessibility of institutions remains an issue in some regions, limiting some students\u2019 access to education.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n<p>In Qu\u00e9bec, the state of education for students with disabilities can be summed up by the following key statistics and initiatives<sup>1<\/sup>:<\/p>\n\n\n\r\n<ul class=\"list-advance\">\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                            <h3 class=\"list-title\">\r\n                    Prevalence:                <\/h3>\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>About 12% of students in the Qu\u00e9bec school system are identified as having a disability or special needs, according to data from the Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019\u00c9ducation.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                            <h3 class=\"list-title\">\r\n                    Types of disabilities:                <\/h3>\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>The most common disabilities include learning disabilities, mental health disorders and physical disabilities.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                            <h3 class=\"list-title\">\r\n                    Support:                <\/h3>\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>In 2020, nearly 30% of schools in Qu\u00e9bec had specialized classes in place to accommodate students with special needs.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                            <h3 class=\"list-title\">\r\n                    Resources:                <\/h3>\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>The Government of Qu\u00e9bec has invested millions of dollars to improve access to adapted resources, including school-based support programs.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                            <h3 class=\"list-title\">\r\n                    Integration rate:                <\/h3>\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>About 85% of students with disabilities attend regular classes, although the quality of inclusion varies considerably from school to school.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                            <h3 class=\"list-title\">\r\n                    Teacher training:                <\/h3>\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>Although training programs are available, a significant proportion of teachers report that they do not feel adequately prepared to meet the needs of students with disabilities.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n<p>These figures illustrate the progress made and the challenges that remain in ensuring fair and inclusive education for all students in Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n\n\n\r\n<div class=\"accordions-block\">\r\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n            <h3 class=\"accordion-title\">\r\n                <a class=\"accordion-link\" role=\"button\" href=\"#panel-component-1-inclusive-education-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"panel-component-1-inclusive-education-1\">Component 1: Inclusive education<\/a>\r\n            <\/h3>\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"accordion-panel\" id=\"panel-component-1-inclusive-education-1\" style=\"display: none;\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>School inclusion is both a philosophy and a set of pedagogical practices designed to allow each student to feel valued, confident and safe, so that they can reach their full potential. It is based on a system of values and beliefs centred on the well-being of the child, fostering active participation in learning and school life as well as a sense of belonging, enriching social development and positive interaction with peers and the school community.<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Children live in a healthy, stigma-free environment that fosters self-esteem and acceptance of others.<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>According to the 2020 Global Education Monitoring Report: Inclusion and education: all means all, programs need to focus on tackling entrenched views that certain students are deficient and unable to learn. School leaders need to be trained to build and promote an inclusive school ethos.<sup>4<\/sup><\/p>\n<h4>Recommendations<\/h4>\n<p>The practice of resource accessibility in inclusive education includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ensuring faculty and support staff have access to models of diversity.<\/li>\n<li>The adaptation of educational services by the Centre de services scolaire (CSS) to the specific needs of handicapped students and students with social maladjustments or learning disabilities (special needs students), based on an assessment of their abilities (section 235 of the Education Act).<sup>4<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Ensuring teachers have full access to training on different teaching methods so that they are well equipped to meet the needs of all students.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n            <h3 class=\"accordion-title\">\r\n                <a class=\"accordion-link\" role=\"button\" href=\"#panel-component-2-access-to-resources-2\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"panel-component-2-access-to-resources-2\">Component 2: Access to resources<\/a>\r\n            <\/h3>\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"accordion-panel\" id=\"panel-component-2-access-to-resources-2\" style=\"display: none;\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>According to section 4.3 of the Special Education Policy, various entities of the school organization have powers and responsibilities to ensure the accessibility of resources. One of these organizations is the Special Needs Advisory Committee, which can directly advise the school board on various matters. The school team, in a spirit of shared responsibility, also has a duty to facilitate access to information and resources. Parents and students have the right to access the necessary resources.<\/p>\n<h4>Recommendations<\/h4>\n<p>The practice of resource accessibility in inclusive education includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ensuring that parents\u2019 voices are heard by the Special Needs Advisory Committee so that they can express the needs, challenges, expectations and concerns of their children and other parents, and that these concerns are addressed by the school board.<\/li>\n<li>Identifying and implementing means or strategies to make all relevant information easily accessible to parents of special needs students in order to support them in their child\u2019s academic journey (section 4.3.3 of the Special Education Policy).<br \/>\nRespecting the right of special needs students to defend their needs and to actively participate in meetings in the development of their intervention plan. (section 4.8)<\/li>\n<li>Reviewing the entire funding and organization model for special need student services. In June 2022, the Ombudsperson identified three priorities: providing services based on students\u2019 actual needs (rather than available budgets), establishing a minimum threshold for services, and encouraging coordinated action and collaboration among stakeholders.<sup>5<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n            <h3 class=\"accordion-title\">\r\n                <a class=\"accordion-link\" role=\"button\" href=\"#panel-component-3-collaboration-between-the-school-team-and-the-family-3\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"panel-component-3-collaboration-between-the-school-team-and-the-family-3\">Component 3: Collaboration between the school team and the family<\/a>\r\n            <\/h3>\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"accordion-panel\" id=\"panel-component-3-collaboration-between-the-school-team-and-the-family-3\" style=\"display: none;\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<h4>Recommendations<\/h4>\n<p>The practice of accessibility in school team\/family collaboration includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Recognizing parents\u2019 skills and experience, making sure that they feel respected and that their role with their child is recognized and valued.<sup>7<\/sup> According to the F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des comit\u00e9s de parents du Qu\u00e9bec, parental engagement promotes student success and helps promote public education.<\/li>\n<li>Implementing specific support measures for students with disabilities.<\/li>\n<li>Creating and managing a unit for parents and legal guardians of students with disabilities or experiencing difficulties at school where they can have their concerns addressed.<\/li>\n<li>Encouraging school participation in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fcpq.qc.ca\/parents-engages\/distinctions-reconnaissance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Parental Engagement in Education Week<\/a> (SNEP).<br \/>\nInforming parents of their right to access their child\u2019s confidential file with the school board, following established procedures. They also have a duty to contribute to the information recorded therein.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"accordion\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n            <h3 class=\"accordion-title\">\r\n                <a class=\"accordion-link\" role=\"button\" href=\"#panel-component-4-school-transportation-4\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"panel-component-4-school-transportation-4\">Component 4: School transportation<\/a>\r\n            <\/h3>\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"accordion-panel\" id=\"panel-component-4-school-transportation-4\" style=\"display: none;\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>In Qu\u00e9bec, the Regulation respecting road vehicles used for the transportation of school children stipulates that only a school bus or minibus (10 or more occupants) or a vehicle intended to transport students (4 to 9 occupants) may be used to transport students to and from school.<sup>8<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Under the Highway Safety Code, the Regulation respecting road vehicles adapted for the transportation of handicapped persons regulates the transportation of persons with disabilities in minibuses and buses to ensure their safety while taking into account their specific needs.<sup>9<\/sup><\/p>\n<h4>Recommendations<\/h4>\n<p>The practice of accessibility in school transportation includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Using geolocation applications to reduce waiting times for regular and adapted school transportation. The MTransport app, for example, enables bus tracking, identification of students with special needs, communication of delays or cancellations, and peace of mind for parents and guardians.<\/li>\n<li>Training school transportation drivers to promote safe, caring and effective interventions for special needs students. This training is provided by the F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des comit\u00e9s de parents du Qu\u00e9bec.<\/li>\n<li>Ensuring the continuity of school transportation services for students with disabilities by providing, where necessary, an additional support resource and\/or equipment to ensure passenger safety.<\/li>\n<li>Continuing the efforts to improve the education of students with disabilities is paramount, with a focus on inclusion, teacher training and the allocation of adequate resources. An inclusive school environment benefits not only students with disabilities, but also the entire educational community.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"border-container\"><\/div>\r\n<\/section>\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n\r\n<section class=\"container-eklo has-background has-rose-light-background-color\">\r\n    <div class=\"deco-circle custom-spacing\">\r\n        <svg width=\"233\" height=\"384\" viewBox=\"0 0 233 384\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\r\n            <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_59_24)\">\r\n                <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M371 105.931C400.271 105.931 424 82.2176 424 52.9655C424 23.7135 400.271 0 371 0C341.729 0 318 23.7135 318 52.9655C318 82.2176 341.729 105.931 371 105.931ZM278.25 59.5862C278.25 85.1818 257.487 105.931 231.875 105.931C206.263 105.931 185.5 85.1818 185.5 59.5862C185.5 33.9907 206.263 13.2414 231.875 13.2414C257.487 13.2414 278.25 33.9907 278.25 59.5862ZM112.625 92.6906C130.919 92.6906 145.75 77.8696 145.75 59.5871C145.75 41.3046 130.919 26.4837 112.625 26.4837C94.3306 26.4837 79.5 41.3046 79.5 59.5871C79.5 77.8696 94.3306 92.6906 112.625 92.6906ZM19.875 79.4478C30.8517 79.4478 39.75 70.5552 39.75 59.5857C39.75 48.6162 30.8517 39.7236 19.875 39.7236C8.89834 39.7236 0 48.6162 0 59.5857C0 70.5552 8.89834 79.4478 19.875 79.4478ZM39.75 192C39.75 202.97 30.8517 211.862 19.875 211.862C8.89834 211.862 0 202.97 0 192C0 181.03 8.89834 172.138 19.875 172.138C30.8517 172.138 39.75 181.03 39.75 192ZM112.625 225.103C130.919 225.103 145.75 210.283 145.75 192C145.75 173.717 130.919 158.897 112.625 158.897C94.3306 158.897 79.5 173.717 79.5 192C79.5 210.283 94.3306 225.103 112.625 225.103ZM278.25 191.999C278.25 217.595 257.487 238.344 231.875 238.344C206.263 238.344 185.5 217.595 185.5 191.999C185.5 166.404 206.263 145.655 231.875 145.655C257.487 145.655 278.25 166.404 278.25 191.999ZM371 238.346C400.271 238.346 424 214.632 424 185.38C424 156.128 400.271 132.415 371 132.415C341.729 132.415 318 156.128 318 185.38C318 214.632 341.729 238.346 371 238.346ZM39.75 337.655C39.75 348.625 30.8517 357.517 19.875 357.517C8.89834 357.517 0 348.625 0 337.655C0 326.686 8.89834 317.793 19.875 317.793C30.8517 317.793 39.75 326.686 39.75 337.655ZM112.625 370.758C130.919 370.758 145.75 355.937 145.75 337.654C145.75 319.372 130.919 304.551 112.625 304.551C94.3306 304.551 79.5 319.372 79.5 337.654C79.5 355.937 94.3306 370.758 112.625 370.758ZM278.25 337.656C278.25 363.251 257.487 384.001 231.875 384.001C206.263 384.001 185.5 363.251 185.5 337.656C185.5 312.06 206.263 291.311 231.875 291.311C257.487 291.311 278.25 312.06 278.25 337.656ZM371 384C400.271 384 424 360.287 424 331.034C424 301.782 400.271 278.069 371 278.069C341.729 278.069 318 301.782 318 331.034C318 360.287 341.729 384 371 384Z\" fill=\"#008FFF\"\/>\r\n            <\/g>\r\n            <defs>\r\n                <clipPath id=\"clip0_59_24\">\r\n                    <rect width=\"233\" height=\"384\" fill=\"white\"\/>\r\n                <\/clipPath>\r\n            <\/defs>\r\n        <\/svg>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"container\">\r\n        <!--\r\n       <div class=\"contrainer-title\">\r\n           <h2><\/h2>\r\n       <\/div>\r\n       -->        <div class=\"container-eklo-content\">\r\n            <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h2>\n\n\n\r\n<ul class=\"list-advance\">\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>Article 24: According to the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities<sup>10<\/sup>, every child has the right to thrive and reach their full potential in a healthy environment free from discrimination.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>E-20.1: Act to secure handicapped persons in the exercise of their rights with a view to achieving social, school and workplace integration.<sup>11<\/sup><\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>AuCoin, A. and Vienneau, R. (2010) Inclusion scolaire et d\u00e9normalisation. In N. Rousseau (ed.), La p\u00e9dagogie de l\u2019inclusion scolaire \u2013 Pistes d\u2019action pour apprendre tous ensemble (pp. 63\u201386). Qu\u00e9bec City: Presses de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>Beaucher, V. and Jutras, F. (2007) Comparative study of metasynthesis and qualitative meta-analysis. Qualitative research, 27(2), 58\u201377.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>The Office des personnes handicap\u00e9es du Qu\u00e9bec (OPHQ) produced the guide <a href=\"https:\/\/cdn-contenu.quebec.ca\/cdn-contenu\/adm\/org\/ophq\/Statistiques\/eleves-difficulte_acc.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mieux conna\u00eetre les \u00e9l\u00e8ves handicap\u00e9s ou en difficult\u00e9 d\u2019adaptation ou d\u2019apprentissage : portrait annuel<\/a> (published 2023), which includes statistics on school attendance, student graduation and qualifications.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/inclusioncanada.ca\/campaign\/inclusive-education\/\">Inclusion Canada<\/a><\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ici.radio-canada.ca\/nouvelle\/1214181\/handicap-deficience-intellectuelle-ecole-enfant-classe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Radio-Canada : Handicap et inclusion scolaire : et si le Qu\u00e9bec s\u2019inspirait d\u2019autres provinces?<\/a><\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">International references on best practices in inclusive schools:<\/h3>\n\n\n\r\n<ul class=\"list-advance\">\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>UNESCO, Guidelines for Inclusion: Ensuring Access to Education for All. Read the report here.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>OECD, Report: Students with Disabilities, Learning Difficulties and Disadvantages: Policies and Practices. Read the report here. World Bank, Inclusive Education: A Global Review. Read the report here.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Other resources in organizations:<\/h3>\n\n\n\r\n<ul class=\"list-advance\">\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/recit.qc.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R\u00e9cit:<\/a> A network focused on developing student skills through the integration of technology.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                            <h4 class=\"list-title\">\r\n                    Titre de liste                <\/h4>\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/aqepa.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AQEPA:<\/a> The Association du Qu\u00e9bec pour enfants avec probl\u00e8mes auditifs (AQEPA) is a network of regional associations of families, young adults living with deafness, and allies, supported by a provincial association.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fcpq.qc.ca\/semaine-nationale-de-lengagement-parental-en-education-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Parental Engagement in Education Week<\/a><\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fppe.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/2223-026_FPPE_feuilletFR.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Upcoming changes to professional services for special needs students<\/a><\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n                    <li class=\"list-items\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\r\n                        <div class=\"list-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fppe.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FPPE-Resultats-du-sondage-EHDAA-24112020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R\u00e9flexion sur le financement et l\u2019organisation des services aux \u00e9l\u00e8ves HDAA : vers un nouveau chantier<\/a> &#8211; <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Survey results, November 2020 (2nd version).<sup>12<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/li>\r\n    <\/ul>\n<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"border-container\"><\/div>\r\n<\/section>\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n\r\n<section class=\"container-eklo has-background has-white-background-color\">\r\n    <div class=\"deco-circle custom-spacing\">\r\n        <svg width=\"233\" height=\"384\" viewBox=\"0 0 233 384\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\r\n            <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_59_24)\">\r\n                <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M371 105.931C400.271 105.931 424 82.2176 424 52.9655C424 23.7135 400.271 0 371 0C341.729 0 318 23.7135 318 52.9655C318 82.2176 341.729 105.931 371 105.931ZM278.25 59.5862C278.25 85.1818 257.487 105.931 231.875 105.931C206.263 105.931 185.5 85.1818 185.5 59.5862C185.5 33.9907 206.263 13.2414 231.875 13.2414C257.487 13.2414 278.25 33.9907 278.25 59.5862ZM112.625 92.6906C130.919 92.6906 145.75 77.8696 145.75 59.5871C145.75 41.3046 130.919 26.4837 112.625 26.4837C94.3306 26.4837 79.5 41.3046 79.5 59.5871C79.5 77.8696 94.3306 92.6906 112.625 92.6906ZM19.875 79.4478C30.8517 79.4478 39.75 70.5552 39.75 59.5857C39.75 48.6162 30.8517 39.7236 19.875 39.7236C8.89834 39.7236 0 48.6162 0 59.5857C0 70.5552 8.89834 79.4478 19.875 79.4478ZM39.75 192C39.75 202.97 30.8517 211.862 19.875 211.862C8.89834 211.862 0 202.97 0 192C0 181.03 8.89834 172.138 19.875 172.138C30.8517 172.138 39.75 181.03 39.75 192ZM112.625 225.103C130.919 225.103 145.75 210.283 145.75 192C145.75 173.717 130.919 158.897 112.625 158.897C94.3306 158.897 79.5 173.717 79.5 192C79.5 210.283 94.3306 225.103 112.625 225.103ZM278.25 191.999C278.25 217.595 257.487 238.344 231.875 238.344C206.263 238.344 185.5 217.595 185.5 191.999C185.5 166.404 206.263 145.655 231.875 145.655C257.487 145.655 278.25 166.404 278.25 191.999ZM371 238.346C400.271 238.346 424 214.632 424 185.38C424 156.128 400.271 132.415 371 132.415C341.729 132.415 318 156.128 318 185.38C318 214.632 341.729 238.346 371 238.346ZM39.75 337.655C39.75 348.625 30.8517 357.517 19.875 357.517C8.89834 357.517 0 348.625 0 337.655C0 326.686 8.89834 317.793 19.875 317.793C30.8517 317.793 39.75 326.686 39.75 337.655ZM112.625 370.758C130.919 370.758 145.75 355.937 145.75 337.654C145.75 319.372 130.919 304.551 112.625 304.551C94.3306 304.551 79.5 319.372 79.5 337.654C79.5 355.937 94.3306 370.758 112.625 370.758ZM278.25 337.656C278.25 363.251 257.487 384.001 231.875 384.001C206.263 384.001 185.5 363.251 185.5 337.656C185.5 312.06 206.263 291.311 231.875 291.311C257.487 291.311 278.25 312.06 278.25 337.656ZM371 384C400.271 384 424 360.287 424 331.034C424 301.782 400.271 278.069 371 278.069C341.729 278.069 318 301.782 318 331.034C318 360.287 341.729 384 371 384Z\" fill=\"#008FFF\"\/>\r\n            <\/g>\r\n            <defs>\r\n                <clipPath id=\"clip0_59_24\">\r\n                    <rect width=\"233\" height=\"384\" fill=\"white\"\/>\r\n                <\/clipPath>\r\n            <\/defs>\r\n        <\/svg>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"container\">\r\n        <!--\r\n       <div class=\"contrainer-title\">\r\n           <h2><\/h2>\r\n       <\/div>\r\n       -->        <div class=\"container-eklo-content\">\r\n            <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n<div class=\"highlight-box\">\r\n    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<p>Fact sheet prepared in collaboration with Sergeline Isidore (MBDE), with feedback from Lucie Nault (ReQIS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"Footnotes:\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Notes en bas de page :<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019\u00c9ducation du Qu\u00e9bec<\/strong>: Their official website regularly publishes reports and statistics on students with disabilities. \/<strong> Institut de la statistique du Qu\u00e9bec (ISQ)<\/strong>: This organization provides statistical data on various aspects of education, including studies on students with special needs \/ <strong>Commission des droits de la personne et des droits de la jeunesse (CDPDJ)<\/strong>: The Commission publishes reports on the rights of persons with disabilities and on access to education.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www2.gnb.ca\/content\/dam\/gnb\/Departments\/ed\/pdf\/K12\/Inclusion\/DefinitionDeLinclusion.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Definition of inclusive education<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000374904\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Global Education Monitoring Report, 2020: Inclusion and education: all means all<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000374904\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Global Education Monitoring Report, 2020: Inclusion and education: all means all<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca\/fr\/document\/lc\/i-13.3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">I-13.3 &#8211; Education Act<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Upcoming changes to professional services for special needs students: <br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fppe.ca\/grands-dossiers\/services-aux-eleves-a-besoins-particuliers\/\u00a0\u00a0\">https:\/\/www.fppe.ca\/grands-dossiers\/services-aux-eleves-a-besoins-particuliers\/\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.education.gouv.qc.ca\/fileadmin\/site_web\/documents\/education\/jeunes\/Denouer-relation-EFC.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">D\u00e9nouer les enjeux li\u00e9s \u00e0 la relation \u00e9cole-famille, un n\u0153ud \u00e0 la fois<\/a>\u00a0[Untangling school-family issues, one knot at a time]<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transports.gouv.qc.ca\/fr\/entreprises-partenaires\/Pages\/Transport-scolaire.aspx#:~:text=minibus%20d'%C3%A9coliers-,Au%20Qu%C3%A9bec%2C%20le%20R%C3%A8glement%20sur%20les%20v%C3%A9hicules%20routiers%20affect%C3%A9s%20au,l'%C3%A9cole%20et%20en%20reviennent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">School transportation &#8211; Transports et Mobilit\u00e9 durable Qu\u00e9bec<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transports.gouv.qc.ca\/fr\/entreprises-partenaires\/transport-adapte\/Pages\/transport-adapte.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Paratransit &#8211; Transports et Mobilit\u00e9 durable Qu\u00e9bec<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/fr\/instruments-mechanisms\/instruments\/convention-rights-persons-disabilities#article-27\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities | OHCHR<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca\/fr\/document\/lc\/E-20.1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">E-20.1 &#8211; Act to ensure the exercise of the rights of persons with disabilities with a view to their academic, professional and social integration<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fppe.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FPPE-Resultats-du-sondage-EHDAA-24112020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">R\u00e9flexion sur le financement et l\u2019organisation des services aux \u00e9l\u00e8ves HDAA : vers un nouveau chantier<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"border-container\"><\/div>\r\n<\/section>\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n\r\n<section class=\"container-eklo has-background has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-white-color wp-elements-d98da3e29b7041dba37710739688b3ca\">\r\n    <div class=\"deco-circle custom-spacing\">\r\n        <svg width=\"233\" height=\"384\" viewBox=\"0 0 233 384\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\r\n            <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_59_24)\">\r\n                <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M371 105.931C400.271 105.931 424 82.2176 424 52.9655C424 23.7135 400.271 0 371 0C341.729 0 318 23.7135 318 52.9655C318 82.2176 341.729 105.931 371 105.931ZM278.25 59.5862C278.25 85.1818 257.487 105.931 231.875 105.931C206.263 105.931 185.5 85.1818 185.5 59.5862C185.5 33.9907 206.263 13.2414 231.875 13.2414C257.487 13.2414 278.25 33.9907 278.25 59.5862ZM112.625 92.6906C130.919 92.6906 145.75 77.8696 145.75 59.5871C145.75 41.3046 130.919 26.4837 112.625 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https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/conference.png 1432w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 889px) 100vw, 889px\" \/>                                            <\/div>\r\n                <\/article>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"col-xl-3 col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-12\">\r\n                <article class=\"news-item\" data-aos=\"fade-up\" data-clickable-permalink>\r\n                    <div class=\"news-item-content order-1\">\r\n                        <h3 class=\"news-item-title\">\r\n                            <a href=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/en\/thematic-fact-sheets\/digital-communications\/\">Digital communications<\/a>\r\n                        <\/h3>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"news-item-thumbnail order-0\">\r\n                                                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"936\" height=\"953\" src=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_communications_numeriques.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_communications_numeriques.png 936w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_communications_numeriques-295x300.png 295w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_communications_numeriques-768x782.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 936px) 100vw, 936px\" \/>                                            <\/div>\r\n                <\/article>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"col-xl-3 col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-12\">\r\n                <article class=\"news-item\" data-aos=\"fade-up\" data-clickable-permalink>\r\n                    <div class=\"news-item-content order-1\">\r\n                        <h3 class=\"news-item-title\">\r\n                            <a href=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/en\/thematic-fact-sheets\/employment\/\">Employment<\/a>\r\n                        <\/h3>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"news-item-thumbnail order-0\">\r\n                                                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"813\" height=\"903\" src=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_emploi.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_emploi.png 813w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_emploi-270x300.png 270w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_emploi-768x853.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 813px) 100vw, 813px\" \/>                                            <\/div>\r\n                <\/article>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"col-xl-3 col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-12\">\r\n          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https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_environnement_bati-768x841.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/>                                            <\/div>\r\n                <\/article>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"col-xl-3 col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-12\">\r\n                <article class=\"news-item\" data-aos=\"fade-up\" data-clickable-permalink>\r\n                    <div class=\"news-item-content order-1\">\r\n                        <h3 class=\"news-item-title\">\r\n                            <a href=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/en\/thematic-fact-sheets\/emergency-measures-and-public-safety\/\">Emergency measures and public safety<\/a>\r\n                        <\/h3>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"news-item-thumbnail order-0\">\r\n                                                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"853\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_mesures_urgence-853x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_mesures_urgence-853x1024.jpg 853w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_mesures_urgence-250x300.jpg 250w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_mesures_urgence-768x922.jpg 768w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_mesures_urgence.jpg 887w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 853px) 100vw, 853px\" \/>                                            <\/div>\r\n                <\/article>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"col-xl-3 col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-12\">\r\n                <article class=\"news-item\" data-aos=\"fade-up\" data-clickable-permalink>\r\n                    <div class=\"news-item-content order-1\">\r\n                        <h3 class=\"news-item-title\">\r\n                            <a href=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/en\/thematic-fact-sheets\/environmental-health\/\">Environmental health<\/a>\r\n                        <\/h3>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"news-item-thumbnail order-0\">\r\n                                                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"681\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/sante-environnementale-681x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/sante-environnementale-681x1024.jpg 681w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/sante-environnementale-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/sante-environnementale-768x1154.jpg 768w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/sante-environnementale.jpg 821w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 681px) 100vw, 681px\" \/>                                            <\/div>\r\n                <\/article>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"col-xl-3 col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-12\">\r\n                <article class=\"news-item\" data-aos=\"fade-up\" data-clickable-permalink>\r\n                    <div class=\"news-item-content order-1\">\r\n                        <h3 class=\"news-item-title\">\r\n                            <a href=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/en\/thematic-fact-sheets\/childcare-centres\/\">Childcare centres<\/a>\r\n                        <\/h3>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"news-item-thumbnail order-0\">\r\n                                                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/services-de-garde-683x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/services-de-garde-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/services-de-garde-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/services-de-garde-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/services-de-garde.jpg 831w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>                                            <\/div>\r\n                <\/article>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"col-xl-3 col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-12\">\r\n                <article class=\"news-item\" data-aos=\"fade-up\" data-clickable-permalink>\r\n                    <div class=\"news-item-content order-1\">\r\n                        <h3 class=\"news-item-title\">\r\n                            <a href=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/en\/thematic-fact-sheets\/transport-adapte-et-accessible\/\">Paratransit and accessible transit<\/a>\r\n                        <\/h3>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class=\"news-item-thumbnail order-0\">\r\n                                                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"739\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_transport_adapte-739x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_transport_adapte-739x1024.jpg 739w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_transport_adapte-217x300.jpg 217w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_transport_adapte-768x1064.jpg 768w, https:\/\/guide.cophan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_transport_adapte.jpg 820w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 739px) 100vw, 739px\" \/>                                            <\/div>\r\n                <\/article>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            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